Dietary diets for weight loss: contraindications and side effects

Dietary diets for weight loss: contraindications and side effects – complete leadership

1. Overview of dietary supplements for weight loss: types and mechanisms of action

Biologically active additives (dietary supplements) for weight loss are a wide range of products positioning as auxiliary means to reduce weight. They are not drugs and, as a rule, do not pass as strict clinical trials as medicines. The effectiveness of dietary supplements for weight loss varies depending on the composition, dosage and individual characteristics of the body. It is important to understand that dietary supplements are not a replacement for a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular physical exercises.

1. 1. Types of dietary supplements for weight loss:
   • Thermogenics: These additives increase body temperature and stimulate metabolism, which theoretically should contribute to the burning of calories. Often contain caffeine, green tea extract, synephrine (extract of the orange).
   • Suppliers of appetite: These dietary supplements are aimed at reducing the feeling of hunger and, therefore, reducing food consumption. They may include fiber, glucomannan, 5-HTP (5-hydroxyrypthophanes).
   • Carbohydrate blockers: These additives prevent the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestines, thereby reducing the number of calories entering the body. Contain white beans extract (Phaseolus vulgaris).
   • Fat blockers: Prevent the absorption of food from food. Orlistat (Xenical), which is released by the recipe, is most famous, but some dietary supplements try to imitate its effect with weaker components such as chitosan.
   • Fat burners: Presumably, accelerate the process of splitting fat deposits. Contain L-carnitine, CLA (conjugated linoleic acid).
   • Diuretics and laxatives: They remove excess fluid from the body and stimulate intestinal motility, creating the illusion of losing weight, but do not affect fat deposits. Often contain Senna, Alexandria Leaf, silicon dioxide.
   • Metabolic normalizers: Improve metabolic processes in the body. Include chrome, B vitamins, iodine.
   • Probiotics and prebiotics: Improve the intestinal microflora, which, according to some studies, can indirectly affect weight.
2. 2. Action mechanisms:
   • Improving thermogenesis: Stimulation of heat production in the body, which leads to an increase in calorie consumption. This is achieved by activating the sympathetic nervous system and increasing the level of hormones, such as adrenaline and norepinephrine.
   • Reduced appetite: The impact on the centers of hunger and saturation in the brain, as well as an increase in the volume of food in the stomach due to fiber, creating a feeling of satiety.
   • Blocking macronutrient absorption: Inhibition of enzymes that break down carbohydrates and fats, which reduces their absorption in the intestines.
   • Acceleration of lipolysis: Stimulation of the splitting of fats in fat cells and the transportation of fatty acids to mitochondria for oxidation.
   • Blood sugar regulation: Maintaining a stable level of glucose in the blood, which can reduce the craving for sweets and prevent the sharp jumps of insulin.
   • Improving intestinal microflora: Stimulation of the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestines, which can improve digestion and absorption of nutrients, as well as influence hormonal balance and immune system.
   • Front elimination: Strengthening diuresis and stimulation of intestinal motility, which leads to a temporary reduction in weight by reducing fluid retention and intestinal emptying.

2. The main contraindications for receiving dietary supplements for weight loss

Reception of dietary supplements for weight loss is associated with a number of contraindications that must be taken into account before using these funds. Ignoring contraindications can lead to serious side effects and a deterioration in health.

2. 1. General contraindications:
   • Pregnancy and lactation period: Many dietary supplements contain components whose safety is not proven for pregnant and lactating women. The impact of these substances on the development of the fetus or baby can be unpredictable and potentially dangerous.
   • Age up to 18 years: The body of adolescents has not yet been fully formed, and the effects of dietary supplements can adversely affect the development of organs and systems.
   • Individual intolerance to components: Allergic reactions to any of the dietary supplements are an absolute contraindication to its use. Before use, it is necessary to carefully study the composition of the product.
3. 2. Diseases of the cardiovascular system:
   • Arterial hypertension: Thermogenics and other stimulants can increase blood pressure, which can lead to hypertensive crisis and other complications in people with hypertension.
   • Corny heart (coronary heart disease): Bades containing stimulants can increase the heart rate and myocardial need for oxygen, which can provoke an angina pectoris or myocardial infarction.
   • Arrhythmias: Some components of dietary supplements can cause heart rhythm disturbances, especially in people prone to arrhythmias.
   • Heart failure: In people with heart failure, especially taking diuretics, dietary supplements with a diuretic effect can aggravate the condition and lead to electrolyte disorders.
4. 3. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract:
   • Parlias of the stomach and duodenum: Some components of dietary supplements, such as caffeine and acute spices, can irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach and aggravate peptic ulcer.
   • Gastritis and esophagitis: Bades can cause heartburn, belching and other symptoms of gastritis and esophagitis.
   • Irritable intestine syndrome (SRK): Some additives, especially containing fiber, can aggravate the symptoms of IBS, such as bloating, pain and diarrhea.
   • Chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases (BCC): Bades can irritate the intestines and cause an exacerbation of BCC, such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.
   • Liver and gall bladder diseases: Many dietary supplements are metabolized in the liver, and their reception can provide an additional load on this organ. In people with liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, the intake of dietary supplements can worsen the condition.
5. 4. Endocrine diseases:
   • Diabetes sugar: Bades affecting blood sugar may require adjustments to the dose of insulin or other sugar -free drugs. It is important to consult a doctor before taking such additives.
   • Thyroid diseases: Bades containing iodine or other substances affecting the function of the thyroid gland can disrupt the hormonal balance and aggravate thyroid diseases, such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
   • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCU): Some dietary supplements can affect the hormonal balance and aggravate the symptoms of PCU.
6. 5. Mental disorders:
   • Depression and anxiety disorders: Stimulants contained in some dietary supplements can aggravate the symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders.
   • Bipolar disorder: Bades affecting the level of neurotransmitters can provoke a manic or depressive episode in people with bipolar disorder.
   • Schizophrenia: Reception of dietary supplements, especially containing stimulants, can aggravate psychotic symptoms in people with schizophrenia.
7. 6. Kidney diseases:
   • Chronic renal failure (KHPN): Dietary supplements contain diuretics can aggravate dehydration and electrolyte disorders in people with KHPN. In addition, some components of dietary supplements can have a toxic effect on the kidneys.
8. 7. Autoimmune diseases:
   • Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis: Some dietary supplements can stimulate the immune system and aggravate the course of autoimmune diseases.
9. 8. Oncological diseases:
   • The intake of dietary supplements during the treatment of cancer should be agreed with an oncologist, as some components can interact with chemotherapeutic drugs or influence the growth of the tumor.

3. Side effects of dietary supplements for weight loss: detailed analysis

Side effects of dietary supplements for weight loss can vary depending on the composition, dosage and individual characteristics of the body. Some side effects can be easy and temporary, while others can be serious and require medical care.

10. 1. Side effects associated with thermogenics:
    • Insomnia: Caffeine and other stimulants can violate sleep, especially when taking dietary supplements in the afternoon.
    • Anxiety and nervousness: Stimulants can cause anxiety, nervousness and irritability.
    • Far heartbeat (tachycardia): Stimulants can increase heart rate, which can be dangerous for people with cardiovascular diseases.
    • Improving blood pressure: Stimulants can increase blood pressure, which can lead to a hypertensive crisis.
    • Headache: Stimulants can cause headache, especially in people sensitive to caffeine.
    • Nausea and vomiting: Some components of thermogenics can irritate the stomach and cause nausea and vomiting.
    • Increased sweating: Thermogenesis can lead to increased sweating.
11. 2. Side effects associated with suppliers of appetite:
    • Constipation: Fiber and other components that increase the volume of food in the stomach can cause constipation, especially with insufficient use of fluid.
    • Bloating of the abdomen and gases: Fiber can cause bloating and gas formation, especially at the beginning of the reception.
    • Diarrhea: Some suppressors of appetite, such as glucomannan, can cause diarrhea.
    • Nausea: Some components of suppliers of appetite can cause nausea.
    • Interaction with drugs: Fiber can slow down the absorption of drugs, reducing their effectiveness.
    • Nutrient deficiency: With excessive suppression of appetite, a deficiency of the necessary nutrients may occur.
12. 3. Side effects associated with carbohydrate blockers:
    • Bloating of the abdomen and gases: Unlucky carbohydrates can cause bloating and gas formation.
    • Diarrhea: Unlucky carbohydrates can attract water into the intestines and cause diarrhea.
    • Stomach ache: Digestion may cause abdominal pain.
13. 4. Side effects associated with fat blockers:
    • Stiatorea (fat chair): Unlucky fats are excreted with feces, making it fat and oily.
    • Calamin incontinence: In some cases, fecal incontinence may occur, especially when eating a large amount of fatty foods.
    • Stomach ache: Digestion may cause abdominal pain.
    • Violation of the absorption of fat -soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K): Fat blockers can prevent the absorption of fat -soluble vitamins, which can lead to their deficiency.
14. 5. Side effects associated with fat burners:
    • Basically, side effects are similar to thermogenics (insomnia, anxiety, rapid heartbeat, etc.), if stimulants include stimulants.
    • When using L-carnitine, digestive disorders are possible, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
15. 6. Side effects associated with diuretic and laxatives:
    • Dehydration (dehydration): The excretion of a large amount of fluid can lead to dehydration.
    • Electrolyte disorders: The removal of electrolytes, such as potassium and sodium, can lead to electrolyte disorders that can cause weakness, cramps and heart rhythm.
    • Dependence on laxatives: Long -term use of laxatives can lead to intestinal dependence on their stimulation, which may complicate the natural emptying of the intestine.
    • Abdominal pain and spasms: Diuretic and laxatives can cause abdominal pain and cramps.
    • Loss of nutrients: Accelerated excretion of food from the intestines can lead to a lack of suction of nutrients.
16. 7. Side effects associated with metabolic normalizers:
    • Side effects depend on a specific component. For example, excess chromium consumption can cause nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Iodine in large doses can cause hyperthyroidism. B vitamins are usually tolerated, but in high doses can cause skin rashes or digestive disorders.
17. 8. Side effects associated with probiotics and prebiotics:
    • Bloating of the abdomen and gases: At the beginning of the use of probiotics and prebiotics, bloating and gas formation can be observed.
    • Diarrhea: In rare cases, probiotics can cause diarrhea.

4. Interaction of dietary supplements for weight loss with drugs

Literation dietary supplements can interact with various drugs, changing their effectiveness or enhancing side effects. It is important to consult a doctor before taking dietary supplements if you take any medicine.

18. 1. Anticoagulants (warfarin, heparin, clopidogrel):
    • Bades containing vitamin K or substances affecting blood coagulation can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants and increase the risk of thrombosis.
    • Bades containing ginkgo bilobe, garlic or ginger can enhance the effect of anticoagulants and increase the risk of bleeding.
19. 2. Antiagraganhip (aspirin):
    • Interaction is similar to the interaction with anticoagulants.
20. 3. Antidepressants (SIOZS, IMAO):
    • Dietary supplements containing 5-HTP (5-hydroxitriptophanes) or St. John’s wort can enhance the effect of antidepressants and increase the risk of developing serotonin syndrome, characterized by anxiety, excitement, tremor, increased body temperature and other symptoms.
    • Stimulants contained in some dietary supplements can aggravate the symptoms of anxious disorders and depression.
21. 4. Sahabro -winning drugs (insulin, metformin, sulfonylmochevin):
    • Bades affecting blood sugar may require adjustments to the doses of sugar -lowering drugs.
    • Chrome can enhance the effect of insulin and lead to hypoglycemia (a decrease in blood sugar).
22. 5. Antihypertensive drugs (ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics):
    • Bades containing stimulants can reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs and increase blood pressure.
    • Diuretic dietary supplements can enhance the effect of diuretics and lead to electrolyte disorders and dehydration.
23. 6. Hormonal drugs (contraceptives, thyroid hormones):
    • Some dietary supplements can affect the metabolism of hormonal drugs and reduce their effectiveness.
    • Bades containing all or other phytoestrogens can interact with hormonal contraceptives.
    • Bades affecting the function of the thyroid gland may require adjustments to the dose of thyroid hormones.
24. 7. Preparations for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (digoxin):
    • Bades containing potassium or magnesium can affect the level of these electrolytes in the blood and change the effectiveness of digoxin.
25. 8. Preparations affecting the liver function:
    • With joint administration, dietary supplements can increase the toxic load on the liver.

5. How to minimize risks when taking dietary supplements for weight loss

When making a decision on taking dietary supplements for weight loss, it is important to observe precautions in order to minimize health risks.

26. 1. Consultation with a doctor:
    • Before taking any dietary supplement for weight loss, you need to consult a doctor, especially if you have any chronic diseases or you take medications. The doctor will help to evaluate the risks and benefits of taking dietary supplements in your specific case.
27. 2. Choosing a quality product:
    • Choose dietary supplements from well -known manufacturers who have a good reputation and conduct quality control of their products.
    • Study the composition of the product and make sure that it does not have ingredients for which you may have an allergy or intolerance.
    • Pay attention to the availability of quality certificates and compliance with security standards.
28. 3. Compliance with the recommended dosage:
    • Strictly observe the recommended dosage indicated on the packaging of the product. Exceeding the dosage can lead to an increase in the risk of side effects.
29. 4. Observation of the state of health:
    • Carefully follow your health condition during the use of dietary supplements. When any side effects appear, stop taking immediately and consult a doctor.
30. 5. A combination with a healthy lifestyle:
    • Literation dietary supplements should be used in combination with a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular physical exercises. Bades are not a replacement for a healthy lifestyle, but only with an addition to it.
31. 6. Avoid prolonged reception:
    • The long -term reception of dietary supplements for weight loss is not recommended. After achieving the desired result, you should gradually stop taking dietary supplements and maintain weight with the help of a healthy lifestyle.
32. 7. Caution with the simultaneous admission of several dietary supplements:
    • Simultaneous intake of several dietary supplements is not recommended, as this can increase the risk of side effects and interactions between components.
33. 8. Conscious attitude to advertising:
    • Critically treat the advertising promises of dietary supplements. Do not believe in miraculous means that guarantee instant weight loss without effort.
34. 9. Information of the doctor about the admission of dietary supplements:
    • When going to a doctor for any reason, be sure to tell him that you are taking dietary supplements for weight loss. This will help the doctor correctly evaluate your health status and prescribe the necessary treatment.

6. Alternative methods of weight loss: safe and effective approaches

Instead of using dietary supplements for weight loss, which can have undesirable side effects, consider safer and effective methods of weight loss based on a healthy lifestyle.

35. 1. Balanced nutrition:
    • Focus on the use of whole, unprocessed products, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grain products, low -fat protein sources and healthy fats.
    • Limit the consumption of processed products, sweets, carbonated drinks and fast food.
    • Follow the balance between consumed and consumed calories.
    • Diversify your diet to provide the body with all the necessary nutrients.
    • Use enough water (at least 1.5-2 liters per day).
36. 2. Regular physical exercises:
    • Do physical exercises at least 150 minutes a week of moderate intensity or 75 minutes a week of high intensity.
    • Include both aerobic exercises (running, swimming, cycling), as well as strength training (weight lifting, exercises with your own weight).
    • Find the form of physical activity that you like to engage regularly and with pleasure.
37. 3. Stress management:
    • Find effective stress control methods, such as meditation, yoga, walking in nature or hobbies.
    • Stress can lead to overeating and weight gain.
38. 4. Sufficient sleep:
    • Try to sleep at least 7-8 hours a day. The lack of sleep can violate the hormonal balance and lead to an increase in appetite and weight gain.
39. 5. Change in food behavior:
    • Eat slowly and consciously, paying attention to the taste and texture of food.
    • Do not eat in front of a TV or computer.
    • Plan your food meals in advance and avoid snacks of unhealthy food.
    • Keep a food diary to track your food habits and identify problem areas.
40. 6. Appeal to a specialist:
    • If it is difficult for you to cope with excess weight yourself, consult a dietitian or a psychotherapist specializing in eating disorders.

7. Regulatory regulation of dietary supplements for weight loss: what you need to know

Legal regulation of dietary supplements for weight loss differs from the regulation of drugs. It is important to know what requirements are imposed on dietary supplements and how to protect their consumer rights.

41. 1. Bad status:
    • Bades are not drugs and do not pass as strict clinical trials as medicines.
    • Bades are not intended for the treatment of diseases, but only to maintain health and improve the functional state of the body.
42. 2. Requirements for the production and sale of dietary supplements:
    • The production of dietary supplements must comply with the requirements of sanitary rules and norms.
    • Bades must undergo state registration and receive a certificate of state registration.
    • The marking of dietary supplements should contain complete and reliable information about the composition, purpose, method of application, contraindications and side effects.
43. 3. Responsibility of manufacturers and sellers:
    • Manufacturers and sellers are responsible for the quality and safety of dietary supplements.
    • In case of harm to the health of the consumer due to the use of dietary supplements, the consumer has the right to compensation for losses in accordance with the law.
44. 4. Consumer protection:
    • The consumer has the right to receive complete and reliable information about the dietary supplement.
    • The consumer has the right to return or exchange of dietary supplements of inadequate quality.
    • The consumer has the right to apply to state control and supervision bodies in case of violation of his rights.

8. Conclusion: Responsible approach to weight loss

Weight reduction is a complex process that requires an integrated approach and a conscious attitude to its health. Literation dietary supplements can be useful as an auxiliary agent, but should not be considered as a panacea. It is important to remember the contraindications and side effects of dietary supplements, as well as the need to consult a doctor before their use. The most effective and safe way to reduce weight is a combination of a balanced nutrition, regular physical exercises and a healthy lifestyle.