Natural additives for immunity: an alternative to drugs

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Natural additives for immunity: an alternative to drugs

I. Understanding the immune system and its meaning

The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues and organs working together to protect the body from harmful invaders, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. It acts as an internal shield, recognizing and neutralizing these threats, maintaining health and preventing the development of diseases.

A. The components of the immune system

  1. White blood cells (leukocytes): These are the main fighters with infections. There are several types, including:

    • Lymphocytes: Key players in acquired immunity, including B cells (produce antibodies) and T cells (destroy infected cells and regulate the immune response).
    • Fagocyte: Cells that absorb and digest bacteria, dead cells and other waste. Examples: macrophages and neutrophils.
    • Natural killers (NK cells): Destroy infected cells and cancer cells.

  2. Antibodies (immunoglobulins): Proteins produced by B cells, which are associated with antigens (substances that cause immune response) on pathogens, neutralizing them or marrying them to destroy the immune system with other cells of the immune system.

  3. Complement system: A series of proteins that work together to destroy pathogens, cause inflammation and attract immune cells.

  4. Cytokines: Molecules that serve as communicators between the cells of the immune system, regulating the immune response.

  5. The organs of the immune system:

    • Bone marrow: The place of production of most cells of the immune system.
    • Timus: The organ where T-cells ripen.
    • Lymphatic nodes: Filters that delay pathogens and initiate an immune response.
    • Spleen: He filters blood and contains the cells of the immune system.
    • Tonsils and adenoids: Protect from infections that fall through the mouth and nose.
    • Intestine: Contains a large number of immune cells and a microbiota that plays an important role in immunity.

B. Congenital and acquired immunity

  1. Inborn immunity: This is the first line of body protection. He is nonspecific and reacts quickly to any threats. He includes:

    • Physical barriers: Leather, mucous membranes, tears and saliva.
    • Cells of congenital immunity: Phagocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells.
    • Inflammation: The protective reaction to injury or infection, characterized by redness, edema, heat and pain.

  2. Acquired immunity: It develops over time in response to the influence of certain antigens. It is specific and provides long -term protection. He includes:

    • Cellular immunity: Intoimed with T-cells that destroy infected cells.
    • Humoral immunity: Mediated by B cells that produce antibodies.
    • Active immunity: It develops after infection or vaccination.
    • Passive immunity: It turns out from another source, for example, from mother to child through placenta or breast milk.

C. Factors affecting the immune system

Many factors can affect the function of the immune system, both positively and negatively. These include:

  1. Age: The immune system is less effective in older people and young children.
  2. Nutrition: Insufficient nutrition, especially the deficiency of certain vitamins and minerals, can weaken the immune system.
  3. Stress: Chronic stress can suppress the immune function.
  4. Dream: The lack of sleep can weaken the immune system.
  5. Physical activity: Moderate physical exercises can strengthen the immune system, but excessive training can suppress it.
  6. Chronic diseases: Diseases such as diabetes, HIV/AIDS and autoimmune diseases can weaken the immune system.
  7. Medicines: Some drugs, such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, can suppress the immune system.
  8. Smoking and drinking alcohol: Both of these factors can weaken the immune system.
  9. Genetics: Genetic factors can affect the function of the immune system.
  10. Environment: Environmental pollution and the effects of toxins can weaken the immune system.

II. Natural additives to increase immunity: alternative approaches

Natural additives can support the immune system, providing the body with the necessary nutrients and biologically active compounds. It is important to note that additives should not replace a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular physical exercises, sufficient sleep and stress management. Before taking any new additives, you need to consult a doctor, especially if you have any diseases or you take medications.

A. Vitamins and minerals

  1. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid):

    • The role in the immunity: A powerful antioxidant that protects cells from damage supports the function of phagocytes, stimulates the production of interferon (protein that fights viruses) and is necessary for the production of collagen, important to maintain the integrity of the skin and mucous membranes, physical barriers of the body.
    • Sources: Citrus fruits (oranges, lemons, grapefruits), berries (strawberries, raspberries, blueberries), kiwi, pepper, broccoli, spinach.
    • Recommended dosage: 200-1000 mg per day. In large doses, a stomach disorder can cause.
    • Research: Numerous studies have shown that vitamin C can reduce the duration and severity of a cold, especially in people who are subjected to intensive physical stress.

  2. Vitamin D (calciferol):

    • The role in the immunity: Plays an important role in the regulation of an immune response. It supports the function of T cells and B cells, and also contributes to the production of antimicrobial peptides that help fight infections. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of developing infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases.
    • Sources: Sunlight (the skin produces vitamin D under the influence of sunlight), oily fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel), egg yolks, enriched products (milk, cereals).
    • Recommended dosage: 1000-4000 IU per day, depending on the level of vitamin D in the blood. Determining the level of vitamin D in the blood will help determine the optimal dosage.
    • Research: Many studies have shown that vitamin D additives can reduce the risk of respiratory infections, especially in people with vitamin D. deficiency.

  3. Zinc:

    • The role in the immunity: It is necessary for the development and functioning of immune cells, such as T cells, B cells and NK cells. He also participates in the production of cytokines and antibodies. Zinc deficiency is associated with increased susceptibility to infections and impaired function of the immune system.
    • Sources: Meat (beef, pork, lamb), poultry, seafood (oysters, crabs), nuts, seeds, legumes.
    • Recommended dosage: 8-11 mg per day for adults. Large doses can cause nausea and vomiting, as well as prevent the assimilation of copper.
    • Research: Studies have shown that zinc can reduce the duration of a cold and reduce the risk of respiratory infections in children.

  4. Vitamin E (tocopherol):

    • The role in the immunity: A powerful antioxidant that protects the cells of the immune system from damage caused by free radicals. It can also improve the function of T cells and B cells.
    • Sources: Vegetable oils (sunflower, safflower, olive), nuts (almonds, hazelnuts), seeds (sunflower), spinach, broccoli.
    • Recommended dosage: 15 mg per day for adults.
    • Research: Some studies have shown that vitamin E can improve the immune function in the elderly.

  5. Selenium:

    • The role in the immunity: It is important for the functioning of immune cells, especially NK cells. It is also a component of glutathioneperoxidase, an antioxidant enzyme that protects cells from damage. Selenium deficiency is associated with increased susceptibility to infections and an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer.
    • Sources: Brazilian nuts, seafood (tuna, halves, sardins), meat, poultry, eggs.
    • Recommended dosage: 55 μg per day for adults. Large doses can be toxic.
    • Research: Studies have shown that selenium can improve the immune function and reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancer.

B. Plant additives

  1. SOUTINATEA:

    • The role in the immunity: It stimulates the immune system, increases the activity of phagocytes and NK cells, and has antiviral properties.
    • Sources: The roots, leaves and flowers of various types of echinacea (Echinacea Purpurea, Echinacea Angustifolia, Echinacea Pallida).
    • Recommended dosage: Various forms of echinacea have different recommended dosages. Typically, for prevention, 300-500 mg of echinacea extract 2-3 times a day are taken.
    • Research: Many studies have shown that Echinacea can reduce the duration and severity of the cold, but the research results are ambiguous.

  2. Elder (Sambucus nigra):

    • The role in the immunity: It has antiviral and antioxidant properties. It contains anthocyans that can block the penetration of viruses into cells and reduce inflammation.
    • Sources: Berries of black elderberry.
    • Recommended dosage: Typically take an elderberry syrup or an elderberry extract. The dosage depends on a specific product.
    • Research: Studies have shown that an elderberry extract can reduce the duration and severity of the flu.

  3. Garlic (Allium sativum):

    • The role in the immunity: It has antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties. Contains allicin, which is an active combination of garlic and has a powerful immunomodulating effect.
    • Sources: Fresh garlic, garlic powder, garlic extract.
    • Recommended dosage: 1-2 cloves of fresh garlic per day or 600-1200 mg of garlic extract.
    • Research: Studies have shown that garlic can reduce the risk of colds and influenza, as well as reduce the duration of the disease.

  4. Astragalus Mambranaceus:

    • The role in the immunity: Adaptogen, which helps the body adapt to stress and improves immune function. It stimulates the activity of immune cells, such as NK cells, and has antiviral properties.
    • Sources: Astragal root.
    • Recommended dosage: Usually take 200-400 mg of Astragal Extract 2-3 times a day.
    • Research: Studies have shown that Astragal can improve the immune function in people with a weakened immune system.

  5. Ginseng (Panax Ginseng):

    • The role in the immunity: Adaptogen, which helps the body adapt to stress and improves immune function. It stimulates the activity of immune cells and has anti -inflammatory properties.
    • Sources: Ginseng root.
    • Recommended dosage: Usually take 200-400 mg of ginseng extract per day.
    • Research: Studies have shown that ginseng can improve the immune function and reduce the risk of respiratory infections.

  6. Small Andrographis (Andrographis Paniculata):

    • The role in the immunity: It has antiviral, antibacterial and anti -inflammatory properties. It stimulates the immune system and can help reduce the duration and severity of colds and influenza.
    • Sources: Leaves and stems of the plant andrographis panicem.
    • Recommended dosage: The dosage varies depending on the product, but usually it is 400-600 mg of Andrographis extract per day, standardized in terms of androrathylids.
    • Research: Studies have shown that andrographis can be effective for treating symptoms of colds and influenza.

C. Other natural additives

  1. Probiotics:

    • The role in the immunity: Living microorganisms that bring health benefits, especially for the intestines. About 70-80% of the immune system is in the intestines. Probiotics help maintain a healthy balance of intestinal microbiots, which strengthens the immune system. They can improve the function of immune cells, stimulate the production of antibodies and reduce inflammation.
    • Sources: Enzymed products (yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi, tea mushroom), additives with probiotics.
    • Recommended dosage: Depends on the strain and the product. Usually take 1-10 billion Co (colony-forming units) per day.
    • Research: Studies have shown that probiotics can reduce the risk of respiratory infections, improve immune function and reduce inflammation.

  2. Beta-glucan:

    • The role in the immunity: Polysaccharides that are found in the cell walls of mushrooms, yeast, bacteria and some plants. They stimulate the immune system, activating phagocytes and NK cells.
    • Sources: Mushrooms (Reishi, Shiitaka, Mitaka), yeast, oats, barley.
    • Recommended dosage: Depends on the source and product. Usually take 50-500 mg of beta-glucans per day.
    • Research: Studies have shown that beta-glucans can improve immune function and reduce the risk of respiratory infections.

  3. Corny Yogozovo:

    • The role in the immunity: The first milk that is produced by mammary glands after childbirth. Rich in antibodies, growth factors and immunomodulating substances. It can improve the immune function, protect against infections and promote tissue restoration.
    • Sources: Cow is colostrum.
    • Recommended dosage: Depends on the product. Usually take 1-3 grams per day.
    • Research: Studies have shown that cow colostrum can reduce the risk of respiratory infections and improve sports indicators.

  4. Curcumin:

    • The role in the immunity: The active component of turmeric, which has powerful anti -inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It can modulate the immune response, improve the function of immune cells and protect the cells from damage.
    • Sources: Turmeric.
    • Recommended dosage: Depends on the product. Typically taken 500-2000 mg of curcumin per day. It is important to take curcumin along with piperin (black pepper extract), which improves its absorption.
    • Research: Studies have shown that curcumin can improve the immune function and reduce inflammation.

III. A combination of natural additives with a way of life for optimal immunity

Natural additives can be a useful addition to a healthy lifestyle to strengthen immunity. However, they are not a replacement for a healthy lifestyle, which includes a balanced diet, regular physical exercises, sufficient sleep and stress management.

A. Healthy diet

  1. A variety of nutrition: Use a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grain products, proteins and healthy fats. This will provide the body with all the necessary vitamins, minerals and antioxidants to maintain immune function.
  2. Products rich in antioxidants: Include products rich in antioxidants in your diet, such as berries, dark chocolate, green tea and vegetables of bright colors. Antioxidants help protect the cells from damage caused by free radicals.
  3. Products rich in fiber: Use products rich in fiber, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grain products and legumes. Fiber promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestines, which strengthens the immune system.
  4. Limit processed products, sugar and unhealthy fats: Avoid the use of processed products, sugar and unhealthy fats, as they can weaken the immune system.
  5. Hydration: Drink enough water during the day to maintain hydration of the body and help the cells of the immune system function properly.

B. Regular physical exercises

  1. Moderate physical exercises: Do moderate physical exercises, such as walking, running, swimming or cycling, at least 30 minutes a day. Moderate physical exercises can strengthen the immune system, improve blood circulation and reduce stress.
  2. Avoid excessive training: Excessive training can suppress the immune system, so it is important to observe moderation and give the body enough time to restore.

C. A sufficient dream

  1. Observe sleep mode: Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day to regulate the circus rhythms of the body and improve sleep quality.
  2. Create a favorable sleeping atmosphere: Provide silence, darkness and coolness in the bedroom.
  3. Avoid caffeine and alcohol before bedtime: Caffeine and alcohol can disrupt sleep.
  4. Strive by 7-8 hours of sleep per day: The lack of sleep can weaken the immune system.

D. Stress management

  1. Relaxation techniques: Practice relaxation techniques, such as meditation, yoga, deep breathing or tai-chi to reduce stress.
  2. Spend time in nature: Natural walks can help reduce stress and improve mood.
  3. Communicate with friends and family: Support for friends and family can help cope with stress.
  4. Take a hobby: Give the time to classes that you like and which help you relax.
  5. Seek professional help: If you experience severe stress, seek professional help to a psychologist or psychotherapist.

E. Hygiene

  1. Wash your hands regularly: Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after visiting public places, before eating and after coughing or sneezing.
  2. Avoid touching your face: Try not to touch your face with your hands to prevent the spread of microbes.
  3. Cover your mouth and nose with coughing or sneezing: Use a napkin or elbow to cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
  4. Improver the room: Prevent the room regularly to improve air quality and reduce the concentration of microbes.
  5. Disinfect the surface: Regularly disinfect the surfaces that are often touched, such as door handles, light switches and countertops.

IV. Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of natural additives

It is important to remember that natural additives are not drugs and should not be used to treat any diseases without consulting a doctor. Before you start taking any new additives, you need to consult a doctor, especially if you have any diseases or you take medications.

A. Criteria for choosing high -quality additives

  1. Reputation manufacturer: Choose additives from well -known and respected manufacturers who comply with quality standards and have good reviews.
  2. Forter testing: Look for additives that have passed third -party testing, efficiency and safety. This guarantees that the additive contains what is indicated on the label, and does not contain harmful pollutants.
  3. Composition: Carefully study the composition of the additives and make sure that it contains the ingredients that, as proven, support the immune function.
  4. Dosage: Follow the recommended dosage indicated on the label. Do not exceed the recommended dosage, as this can lead to side effects.
  5. Output form: Choose the form of release of the additive, which is most convenient to you (capsules, tablets, powder, liquid).

B. Possible side effects and interaction

  1. Side effects: Some natural additives can cause side effects, such as stomach disorder, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or allergic reactions. If you experience any side effects, stop taking the additive and consult a doctor.
  2. Interactions with drugs: Some natural additives can interact with medicines, so it is important to inform your doctor about all the additives that you accept.
  3. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Some natural additives are not recommended for pregnant or nursing women.

C. Consultation with a doctor

  1. The need for consultation: Before taking any new additives, you need to consult a doctor, especially if you have any diseases or you take medications.
  2. Individual approach: The doctor can help you determine which additives are suitable for you, given your health status, the medicines that you take, and your needs.
  3. Monitoring: The doctor can also help you track the effectiveness of additives and identify any side effects.

V. Prospects for future research in natural additives for immunity

Studies in the field of natural additives for immunity are ongoing, and new discoveries promise further development in this area. Future research will be focused on:

A. Study of action mechanisms

  1. Deep understanding: Further study of the mechanisms of action of natural additives on the immune system will help to understand how they work and what advantages they can offer.
  2. Individual approach: The identification of specific biomarkers that allow you to predict who benefits from certain additives will allow you to develop more personalized strategies for strengthening immunity.

B. Clinical trials

  1. Larger and strict trials: Conducting larger and strict clinical trials using standardized protocols is necessary to confirm the efficiency and safety of natural additives.
  2. Comparison with drugs: A comparison of the effectiveness of natural additives with traditional medicines in clinical trials will help determine their role in the treatment and prevention of diseases.

C. Combinations of additives

  1. Synergetic effect: The study of the synergistic effect of combinations of natural additives can lead to the development of more effective strategies for strengthening immunity.
  2. Individual combinations: Determining the optimal combinations of additives for various population groups, taking into account their age, state of health and lifestyle, can improve treatment results.

D. Microbiota and immunity

  1. The effect of additives on a microbiota: Further study of the influence of natural additives on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiots can help understand how they strengthen the immune system.
  2. Personalized probiotics: The development of personalized probiotics based on the analysis of microbiots of each person can lead to more effective strategies for strengthening immunity.

E. Regulatory aspects

  1. Standardization and quality control: The introduction of more stringent standards for the production and quality control of natural additives will help ensure their safety and efficiency.
  2. Information of consumers: Providing consumers with accurate and scientifically sound information about natural additives will help them make reasonable decisions about their health.

Future studies in the field of natural additives for immunity promise to offer new opportunities to strengthen the health and prevention of diseases. However, it is important to remember that natural additives are not replacing a healthy lifestyle and should not be used to treat any diseases without consulting a doctor.

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