Bad for joints for arthritis and arthrosis

Posted on by

I. Arthritis and arthrosis: fundamental understanding

  1. Distinguishing arthritis and arthrosis: two different diseases

    • Arthritis: a general name for a group of inflammatory joint diseases. The keyword is inflammation. Arthritis is characterized by inflammation of the synovial membrane lining the joint, which leads to pain, swelling, stiffness and limitation of mobility. There are many types of arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis, gout, psoriatic arthritis and reactive arthritis, each of which has its own specific etiology and pathogenesis. Inflammation for arthritis can be autoimmune (as with rheumatoid arthritis), metabolic (as with gout) or infectious.

    • Arthrosis (osteoarthritis): degenerative joint disease, characterized by progressive destruction of cartilage, bone tissue under the cartilage (subchondral bone) and the surrounding structures of the joint. The keyword is degeneration. Unlike arthritis, the arthrosis is based not by inflammation, but by wear and destruction of cartilage, which ensures smooth sliding of the bones in the joint. With age, after injuries, due to a genetic predisposition or excessive load on the joints, cartilage can be thin and crack, which leads to pain, stiffness and limiting mobility. In the later stages of arthrosis, the cartilage can completely disappear, which leads to the friction of the bones against each other.

    • Key differences in the table:

      Characteristic Arthritis Arthrosis (osteoarthritis)
      The main process Inflammation of the synovial shell and other joint structures. Degeneration of cartilage and subchondral bone.
      Cause Autoimmune disorders, metabolic disorders, infections, genetic predisposition. Age, injuries, excess load, genetic predisposition, obesity.
      Symptoms Pain, edema, stiffness, redness, heat in the joint. Symptoms are often manifested symmetrically (for example, in both wrists). Pain (intensifying at load), stiffness (especially in the morning), limitation of mobility, crunch in the joint. Symptoms are often asymmetric.
      The age of start It can begin at any age, including childhood (juvenile arthritis). Usually begins after 40 years.
      Effect on the body It can hit not only joints, but also other organs and systems (for example, heart, lungs, eyes). Basically affects the joints.
      Treatment Medication (anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressors, disease-modifying anti-Russian drugs), physiotherapy. Medication (painkillers, anti -inflammatory drugs, chondroprotectors), physiotherapy, weight loss, in severe cases – surgical intervention (joint replacement).

  2. Prevalence and risk factors

    • Arthritis: rheumatoid arthritis affects about 1% of the world’s population. Other forms of arthritis, such as gout and psoriatic arthritis, are also quite common. Risk factors include a genetic predisposition, female floor (for rheumatoid arthritis), smoking, infection and some autoimmune diseases.

    • Arthrosis: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease that affects a significant part of the population over 60 years. Risk factors include age, obesity, joint injuries, repeated movements, genetic predisposition and joint deformation. With age, the cartilage naturally becomes thinner and loses its elasticity, which makes it more susceptible to damage. Obesity increases the load on the joints, especially on the knee and hip. Injuries, such as fractures and dislocations, can damage the cartilage and accelerate the development of arthrosis. Repeating movements, especially during work, can also contribute to the development of arthrosis.

  3. Pathophysiology: What happens in the joint?

    • Arthritis: Inflammation in arthritis is caused by the activation of the immune system, which attacks the body’s own tissues, including the synovial joint of the joint. This leads to the release of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and prostaglandins, which cause pain, edema and destruction of cartilage and bone tissue. In the case of rheumatoid arthritis, a pannus is formed – a granulation tissue that grows on the surface of the cartilage and destroys it.

    • Arthrosis: with arthrosis, a violation of the balance between the destruction and restoration of cartilage occurs. Chondrocytes, cells responsible for the synthesis of cartilage, do not have time to restore the damaged cartilage, which leads to its thinning and the formation of cracks. Over time, the cartilage can completely disappear, which leads to the friction of the bones against each other. The subchondral bone also responds to cartilage damage, compacts and forms osteophytes (bone growths).

II. Dietrs for the joints: role and mechanisms of action

  1. General review: what is dietary supplements and how do they work?

    • Damage determination: biologically active food additives (dietary supplements) are concentrates of natural or natural biologically active substances that are intended for direct intake or introduction into food products in order to enrich the ration with individual food or biologically active substances and their complexes. Bades are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. They are designed to replenish the deficiency of nutrients, maintain health and improve the functional state of the body.

    • The mechanisms of the action of dietary supplements: dietary supplements can have a different effect on the body, depending on their composition and purpose of use. Some dietary supplements make up for a deficiency of vitamins and minerals necessary for the normal functioning of the body. Others contain antioxidants that protect the cells from damage to free radicals. Still others have anti -inflammatory or analgesic properties. It is important to understand that the mechanisms of the action of dietary supplements can be complex and not always completely studied.

    • Bad regulation: Bad regulation varies in different countries. In most countries, dietary supplements do not undergo such a strict test as drugs. In Russia, dietary supplements are subject to state registration and must comply with security and quality requirements. It is important to choose dietary supplements from reliable manufacturers with all the necessary certificates and permits.

  2. Key ingredients of dietary supplements for joints

    • Glucosamine:

      • The mechanism of action: glucosamine is a natural component of cartilage and synovial fluid. It is involved in the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, which are the main building blocks of cartilage. It is believed that glucosamine helps to restore cartilage, reduces inflammation and relieve pain with arthrosis.

      • The evidence base: the results of clinical studies of glucosamine are ambiguous. Some studies have shown that glucosamine can reduce pain and improve joint function in patients with arthrosis of the knee joint, especially in the early stages of the disease. However, other studies have not revealed a significant effect. Research meta-analyzes also showed conflicting results. It is important to note that the effectiveness of glucosamine may depend on the dose, duration of administration and individual characteristics of the patient.

      • Forms of glucosamine: There are two main forms of glucoseamine: glucosamine sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride. Glucosamine sulfate is considered more effective than glucosamine hydrochloride, since it is better absorbed by the body.

      • Side effects: glucosamine is usually well tolerated, but some people may have side effects, such as nausea, heartburn, diarrhea or constipation. Glucosamine can interact with some drugs such as warfarin. People with allergies for seafood should be careful when taking glucosamine, as it is often obtained from crustacean shells.

    • Chondroitin:

      • The mechanism of action: chondroitin sulfate is also a natural component of cartilage. It helps to retain water in cartilage, which ensures its elasticity and depreciation properties. Chondroitin can also suppress the activity of enzymes that destroy cartilage and stimulate the synthesis of new cartilage cells.

      • The evidence base: as in the case of glucosamine, the results of studies of chondroitin are contradictory. Some studies have shown that chondroitin can reduce pain and improve joint function in patients with arthrosis, especially with prolonged use. However, other studies have not revealed a significant effect.

      • Forms of chondroitin: chondroitin sulfate is the most common form of chondroitin. It is important to choose chondroitin sulfate of high purity, since the quality of the product can affect its effectiveness.

      • Side effects: chondroitin is usually well tolerated, but some people may have side effects, such as nausea, diarrhea or constipation. Chondroitin can interact with some drugs such as warfarin.

    • Methyl sulfonylmetatan (MSM):

      • The mechanism of action: MSM is an organic connection of sulfur, which is contained in many foods and tissues of the body. It is believed that MSM has anti -inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It can reduce pain, edema and stiffness in the joints.

      • Evidence base: Some studies have shown that MSM can be effective in reducing pain and improving joint function in patients with arthrosis. However, more studies are needed to confirm these results.

      • Side effects: MSM is usually well tolerated, but some people may have side effects, such as nausea, diarrhea or headache.

    • Hyaluronic acid:

      • The mechanism of action: hyaluronic acid is the main component of the synovial fluid, which lubricates the joints and provides their smooth sliding. With arthrosis, the amount and quality of hyaluronic acid in the joint decreases, which leads to friction of bones about each other and pain. Hyaluronic acid can be introduced into the joint in the form of injections, which helps to restore lubrication and reduce pain.

      • The evidence base: hyaluronic acid injections are widely used to treat arthrosis of the knee joint. Studies have shown that hyaluronic acid injections can reduce pain and improve joint function for up to several months.

      • Side effects: hyaluronic acid injections are usually well tolerated, but some people may have side effects, such as pain, edema or redness at the injection site.

      • Periral intake: hyaluronic acid is also available in the form of oral additives. However, the effectiveness of the oral administration of hyaluronic acid for the treatment of arthrosis remains controversial.

    • Collagen:

      • The mechanism of action: Collagen is the main structural protein of cartilage, bones and ligaments. Reception of collagen can stimulate the synthesis of new cartilage cells and improve the structure of cartilage.

      • Evidence base: Some studies have shown that collagen intake can reduce pain and improve joint function in patients with arthrosis. However, more studies are needed to confirm these results.

      • Types of collagen: there are various types of collagen. Type II collagen is the main type of collagen in cartilage.

      • Side effects: collagen is usually well tolerated, but some people may have side effects, such as nausea, diarrhea or constipation.

    • Omega-3 fatty acids:

      • The mechanism of action: omega-3 fatty acids, such as eicos defendaic acid (EPK) and non-oxacenoic acid (DGC), have anti-inflammatory properties. They can reduce inflammation in the joints and relieve pain.

      • Evidence base: Studies have shown that the intake of omega-3 fatty acids can be useful for reducing pain and constraint in patients with arthritis.

      • Sources of Omega-3: Omega-3 fatty acids are found in fatty fish (salmon, tuna, sardines), linen seed, chia and walnuts.

      • Side effects: taking large doses of omega-3 fatty acids can cause side effects, such as nausea, diarrhea or fish taste in the mouth. Omega-3 fatty acids can interact with some drugs such as warfarin.

    • Vitamin D:

      • The mechanism of action: Vitamin D is necessary for the health of bones and joints. It helps to absorb calcium and phosphorus, which are the main building blocks of bone tissue. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to weakening of bones and an increase in the risk of arthrosis.

      • Evidence base: Studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency can be associated with an increased risk of arthrosis. Vitamin D intake can help improve the health of bones and joints.

      • Sources of vitamin D: vitamin D is produced in the skin under the influence of sunlight. It is also contained in some foods, such as oily fish, egg yolk and enriched foods.

      • Side effects: taking very large doses of vitamin D can cause side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, weakness and increasing blood calcium levels.

    • Kurkumin (from turmeric):

      • The mechanism of action: Kurkumin is an active trunk of turmeric, which has powerful anti -inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It can reduce inflammation in the joints and relieve pain.

      • Proof base: Studies have shown that turmeric can be effective in reducing pain and improving the function of joints in patients with arthrosis and arthritis.

      • Bioavailability: Kurkumin is poorly absorbed by the body. To improve its bioavailability, it is often combined with piperin (black pepper extract).

      • Side effects: curcumin is usually well tolerated, but some people may have side effects, such as nausea, diarrhea or headache.

    • Boswellia serrata extract:

      • The mechanism of action: Boswellial extract contains bosvelic acids that have anti -inflammatory properties. They can suppress the activity of enzymes involved in the inflammatory process and reduce pain.

      • The evidence base: Studies have shown that Boswellial extract can be effective in reducing pain and improving the function of joints in patients with arthrosis.

      • Side effects: Boswellial extract is usually well tolerated, but some people may have side effects, such as nausea, diarrhea or heartburn.

  3. Combinations of ingredients: synergistic effect

    • Glucosamine and chondroitin: a combination of glucosamine and chondroitin is one of the most popular combinations for the treatment of arthrosis. It is believed that these two ingredients work synergically, enhancing the action of each other.

    • Glucosamine, chondroitin and MSM: the addition of MSM to a combination of glucosamine and chondroitin can enhance the anti -inflammatory and analgesic effect.

    • Kurkumin and piperin: a combination of curcumin and piperin improves the bioavailability of curcumin and enhances its anti -inflammatory properties.

    • Collagen and vitamin C: vitamin C is necessary for the synthesis of collagen. The combination of collagen and vitamin C can improve the absorption of collagen and stimulate the synthesis of new cartilage cells.

  4. Forms of producing dietary supplements for joints

    • Capsules and tablets: the most common forms of producing dietary supplements for joints. They are convenient to use and allow you to accurately dose the ingredients.

    • Powers: powders can be dissolved in water or added to food. They can be more convenient for people who are difficult to swallow capsules or pills.

    • Liquids: liquid forms of dietary supplements can be absorbed faster by the body.

    • Creams and gels: creams and gels for external use may contain painkillers and anti -inflammatory ingredients, such as menthol, camphor or herbal extracts. They can be used to relieve joint pain.

    • Injections: hyaluronic acid injections are introduced directly into the joint to restore lubrication and reduce pain.

III. The choice of dietary supplements: what to look for?

  1. Consultation with a doctor

    • The need for consultation: before taking any dietary supplements, especially in the presence of chronic diseases or taking drugs, it is necessary to consult a doctor. The doctor will be able to evaluate your state of health, determine the need to take dietary supplements and choose the most suitable products.

    • Information of the doctor: tell the doctor about all the drugs that you take, as well as about any allergies or adverse reactions to drugs.

    • Individual recommendations: A doctor can give individual recommendations for the choice of dietary supplements, dosage and duration of admission.

  2. Quality and safety

    • Manufacturer: Choose dietary supplements from famous and reliable manufacturers with a good reputation. Check the presence of licenses and quality certificates.

    • Composition: carefully study the composition of the dietary supplement. Make sure that it contains the necessary ingredients in sufficient doses. Avoid products with dubious or unknown ingredients.

    • Certification: Check for a dietary supplement certificate of conformity. The certificate confirms that the product has passed the necessary tests and meets the requirements of safety and quality.

    • Third -party laboratories: Some manufacturers send their products for testing to independent laboratories. This may be an additional confirmation of the quality and safety of Bad.

    • Reviews: Read the reviews of other users about dietary supplements. However, you should not completely rely on reviews, as they can be subjective or fake.

  3. Dosage and method of application

    • Compliance with recommendations: strictly follow the recommendations for the dosage and the method of application specified on the package of dietary supplements or recommended by the doctor.

    • Start with a low dose: if you first take a dietary supplement, start with a low dose and gradually increase it to the recommended. This will help you evaluate the tolerance of the product and avoid side effects.

    • Duration of admission: the duration of admission of dietary supplements can vary depending on the product and individual characteristics of the body. It is usually recommended to take dietary supplements in courses.

  4. Side effects and contraindications

    • Study of instructions: carefully study the instructions for the use of dietary supplements. Pay attention to possible side effects and contraindications.

    • Continuation of the reception: if you notice any side effects after the start of taking the dietary supplement, stop taking it and consult a doctor.

    • Contraindications: dietary supplements can have contraindications such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, allergies to the components of the product, liver or kidney disease.

  5. Price and availability

    • Prices comparison: Compare dietary supplements from different manufacturers. Not always more expensive product is better.

    • Availability in pharmacies: find out whether dietary supplements are available in pharmacies or can only be purchased in online stores.

    • Shelf life: pay attention to the shelf life of dietary supplements before buying.

IV. Dietary supplements in the complex therapy of arthritis and arthrosis

  1. The role of dietary supplements as an addition to the main treatment

    • Do not replace drugs: dietary supplements are not a replacement for medicines prescribed by a doctor. They can only be used as an addition to the main treatment.

    • Strengthening the effect of drugs: dietary supplements can enhance the effect of drugs and reduce their side effects.

    • Improving the quality of life: dietary supplements can improve the quality of life of patients with arthritis and arthrosis, reducing pain, stiffness and improving joint mobility.

  2. Combination of dietary supplements with other treatment methods

    • Medication: dietary supplements can be combined with medical treatment prescribed by a doctor. However, it is necessary to consult a doctor in order to avoid the interaction of drugs and dietary supplements.

    • Physiotherapy: dietary supplements can be combined with physiotherapy. Physiotherapy helps strengthen the muscles surrounding joints, improve joint mobility and reduce pain.

    • Medical physical education (exercise therapy): dietary supplements can be combined with exercise therapy. Exercise therapy helps to improve joint function and reduce pain.

    • Diet: proper nutrition plays an important role in the treatment of arthritis and arthrosis. It is recommended to consume foods rich in antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D.

    • Weight loss: weight loss can reduce the load on the joints and relieve pain with arthrosis.

  3. Prospects for research in the field of dietary supplements for joints

    • New ingredients: research continues in the field of searching for new ingredients for dietary supplements, which can be effective in the treatment of arthritis and arthrosis.

    • Improving bioavailability: scientists are working on improving the bioavailability of existing dietary supplements to increase their effectiveness.

    • Personalized approach: personalized approaches to the treatment of arthritis and arthrosis are developed, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient.

V. Alternative and additional treatment methods

  1. Iglowerie (acupuncture)

    • The mechanism of action: acupuncture is a method of traditional Chinese medicine, which consists in the introduction of thin needles into certain points on the body. It is believed that acupuncture stimulates the release of endorphins, natural analgesic substances, and improves blood circulation.

    • Evidence base: Some studies have shown that acupuncture can be effective in reducing pain in arthrosis.

  2. Massage

    • The mechanism of action: massage helps to relax muscles, improve blood circulation and reduce pain.

    • Evidence base: Some studies have shown that massage can be effective in reducing pain and improving joint function in patients with arthritis and arthrosis.

  3. Yoga and Tai-Chi

    • The mechanism of action: yoga and tai-chi are exercises that combine physical activity, breathing exercises and meditation. They can help improve flexibility, balance and reduce stress.

    • Evidence base: Some studies have shown that yoga and tai-chi can be effective in reducing pain and improving joint function in patients with arthritis and arthrosis.

  4. Plant drugs

    • Arnica: Arnica is a plant that is used to treat pain and inflammation. It can be used in the form of a cream or gel for external use.

    • Devil’s claw: a devilish claw is a plant that is used to treat pain and inflammation.

    • Ginger: Ginger has anti -inflammatory properties and can help reduce pain with arthritis and arthrosis.

VI. Myths and reality about the dietary supplement for joints

  1. Common misconceptions

    • Bades are a medicine: dietary supplements are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases.

    • Dietary supplements are treated with arthritis and arthrosis: dietary supplements cannot cure arthritis and arthrosis, but they can help reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life.

    • The more expensive dietary supplements, the more effective it is: the price is not always an indicator of quality.

    • Bades are safe for everyone: dietary supplements can have side effects and contraindications.

  2. Facts about dietary supplements

    • Bades can replenish the deficiency of nutrients: dietary supplements can help replenish the deficiency of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients necessary for the health of the joints.

    • Bades can reduce inflammation and pain: some dietary supplements have anti -inflammatory and analgesic properties.

    • Bades can improve joint function: some dietary supplements can improve joint function and reduce stiffness.

VII. Conclusion: a responsible approach to the use of dietary supplements

The use of dietary supplements to maintain joint health for arthritis and arthrosis requires a responsible approach. It must be understood that dietary supplements are not a panacea and cannot replace the main treatment prescribed by a doctor. It is important to choose quality products from reliable manufacturers, follow recommendations for dosage and method of use, as well as take into account possible side effects and contraindications. Consultation with a doctor before taking any dietary supplement is mandatory. With proper and conscious use of dietary supplements, can be a valuable addition to the comprehensive treatment of arthritis and arthrosis, improving the quality of life and supporting the joint function.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *