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1. Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
The mechanism of action:
Paracetamol inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins in the central nervous system, reducing the temperature and weak/moderate pain. It does not have an anti -inflammatory effect, like NSAIDs, so it spares the stomach.
Dosage for adults:
- A single dose: 500-1000 mg.
- Maximum per day: 4000 mg (for people with healthy liver).
- Interval between techniques: 6-8 hours.
Advantages:
- Safe for pregnant women (category B).
- Minimum interaction with other drugs.
Risks:
- Hepatotoxicity with an overdose or use with alcohol.
Trading names:
- «Panadol», «Efferalgan», «cepheckon d».
2. Ibuprofen
The mechanism of action:
Blocks cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COO-2), reducing heat, inflammation and pain.
Dosage:
- A single dose: 200-400 mg.
- Maximum per day: 1200 mg (without a doctor’s appointment).
Pros:
- It acts faster than paracetamol (30-60 minutes).
- Effective with concomitant inflammation (for example, tonsillitis).
Cons:
- Irritates the gastrointestinal tract (risk of gastritis).
- It is contraindicated in renal failure.
Analogues:
- Nurofen, MiG 400, Faspik.
3. Aspirin (AcetilalICile Acid)
Application:
It is used less often due to risks. Suitable only for adults up to 60 years without problems with the gastrointestinal tract.
Dose:
- 325-650 mg every 4-6 hours.
Restrictions:
- Forbidden for influenza (risk of ray syndrome).
- Increases bleeding.
4. Nimesulide
Peculiarities:
Selective TsOC-2 inhibitor with a strong anti-inflammatory effect.
Dosage:
- 100 mg 2 times/day.
Contraindications:
- Liver failure.
- Pregnancy.
Brands:
- «Friend», «Nimesil».
5. Combined drugs
Examples:
- “Teraffle”: Paracetamol + Fenimin + Phenylchrin.
- “Coldrex”: Paracetamol + vitamin C + caffeine.
Pros:
- Eliminate múltiples symptoms (temperature, nasal congestion).
Cons:
- The risk of an overdose of paracetamol while taking other means.
6. Choosing the drug due to temperature
- Orvi / Gripp: Paracetamol or Ibuprofen.
- Bacterial infection: Ibuprofen (additional antibiotics are needed).
- Headache + heat: Combined tools.
7. Natural alternatives
- Malina tea: Salicylates in raspberries enhance sweating.
- Wiping with water: The temperature is 30–33 ° C (avoid alcohol!).
8. When to see a doctor?
- Temperature> 39.5 ° C longer than 2 days.
- Raw, confusion, cramps.
This is a condensed version. To reach 100,000 words, expand each section with:
- Deep analysis of research (for example, comparison of the rate of action of paracetamol and ibuprofen for clinical tests).
- Interview with therapists About frequent mistakes of patients.
- Tables (Comparison of prices, efficiency, side effects).
- Regional recommendations (Features of choice in the Russian Federation, EU, USA).
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